Latin Names and Terms for Family Members

English kinship terms, although not completely transparent even to those who grew up using them, lack the complexity found in many other language systems. English speakers might struggle to determine whether someone is a cousin once removed or a second cousin, but we dont have to think twice about what the title is for a parents sister. It doesnt matter if the parent is the father or the mother: the name is the same: aunt.  In Latin, we would have to know whether the aunt is on the fathers side, an amita, or on the mothers, a matertera. This is not restricted to kinship terms. In terms of the sounds a language makes, there is a compromise made between ease of articulation and ease of understanding. In the realm of vocabulary, the ease might be the ease of memorizing a small number of specialized terms vs the need of others to know to whom youre referring. Sibling is more general than sister or brother. In English, we have both, but only those. In other languages, there might be a term for an older sister or younger brother and maybe none for a sibling, which could be considered too general to be useful.   For those who grew up speaking, for instance, Farsi or Hindi, this list may seem as it should be, but for us English speakers, it may take some time. soror, sororis, f. sisterfrater, fratris, m. brothermater, matris, f. motherpater, patris, m. fatheravia, -ae, f. grandmotheravus, -i, m. grandfatherproavia, -ae, f. great-grandmotherproavus, -i, m. great-grandfatherabavia, f. great-great-grandmotherabavus, m. great-great-grandfatheratavia, f. great-great-great-grandmotheratavus, m. great-great-great-grandfathernoverca, -ae. f. stepmothervitricus, -, m. stepfatherpatruus, -i, m. paternal unclepatruus magnus, m. paternal great-unclepropatruus, m. paternal great-great uncleavunculus, -i, m. maternal uncleavunculus magnus, m. maternal great-uncleproavunculus, m. maternal great-great uncleamita, -ae, f. paternal auntamita magna, f. paternal great auntproamita, f. paternal great-great auntmatertera, -ae, f. maternal auntmatertera magna, f. maternal great-auntpromatertera, f. maternal great-great-auntpatruelis, -is, m./f. paternal cousinsobrinus, -i, m. maternal boy cousinsobrina, -ae, f. maternal girl cousinvitrici filius/filia, m./f. pat ernal step-siblingï » ¿novercae filius/filia, m./f. maternal step-siblingfilius, -i, m. sonfilia, -ae. f. daughterprivignus, -i, m. stepsonprivigna, -ae, f. stepdaughternepos, nepotis, m. grandsonneptis, neptis, f. grand-daughterabnepos/abneptis, m./f. great-grandson/great-granddaughteradnepos/adneptis, m./f. great-great-grandso/great-great-granddaughter Source Sandys, John Edwin, 1910. A Companion to Latin Studies. Cambridge University Press: London.

Film Critique - Ned Kelly Gallipoli Essay - 995 Words

Many Australian films explore the concept of ‘overcoming adversity’, common to films from many countries but they explore it in a manner unique to Australia and embrace the ‘Aussie Battler’ or ‘Aussie Hero’ icon. The films Gallipoli (Directed by Peter Weir - 1981) and Ned Kelly (Directed by Gregor Jordan - 2003) are two good examples of this. Both films show evidence of characters overcoming adversities throughout their stories. The following will analyse each film and explore the concept by looking at themes and film techniques. The characters in the film Gallipoli, Frank and Archie, develop a very close friendship throughout their tough journey together. This special bond they have helps them to overcome the terrible adversity of†¦show more content†¦It was a common belief that all young men should represent and fight for their country in the war, or be judged and named selfish etcetera; therefore, Archie and Frank felt they had to be a part of it and signed up. An adversity justly overcome by both characters. They also had to overcome the terrifying adversity of fear to prove to themselves, and others, that they were able to deal with the hardship of warfare and suffering. Likewise in Ned Kelly, the characters overcame the adversity of judgment from others by doing what they thought was the right thing to do - battling for their rights, which in turn earned the respect of friends, some citizens and family. They attempted to overcome the adversity of discrimination against the Irish held at the time by the majority of other Australians. Police treated them unfairly because of where they were from. Discrimination causes a lot of tension between characters in the film. The outcome of this tension proves the main character, Ned Kelly, to be a true Aussie battler. The most powerful scene of the film Gallipoli is the final scene. The musical score intensifies the struggle, despair and hopelessness of the situation. It helps the audience to relate and feel sympathy towards the character. This scene is depicts the character overcoming his adversity of fear and becoming and ‘Aussie hero’ as he runs into battle however, even though he has overcome his fear, it does not end well. The music

Nursing & Midwifery Research Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Is It Beneficial To Administer Influenza Vaccine To Older Adults With Pneumonia During Flu Outbreak? Answer: The research paradigm to be chosen is quantitative and the approach would be non-experimental design- cohort study. The quantitative study is considered most appropriate in this case as it would be possible to obtain information about particular cases that will be prospectively followed. According to Merriam Tisdell (2015), quantitative designs are deductive in nature as one can test a theory or a hypothesis. Therefore, it will be easy to test the efficacy of the influenza vaccine as it is widely recommended during flu outbreak. The quantitative paradigm has objective approach and it is well structured. Since the objective is to assess the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in older adults, quantitative approach is justified. The rationale being aim of the quantitative research paradigm to provide inferences on a population level. Quantitative design is appropriate as helps deduce the relationship between the independent and the dependent variable in the given population. Thus, this descriptive paradigm is justified to establish association between the influenza vaccine and pneumonia during flu outbreak as it requires observing large number of patients (LoBiondo-Wood Haber, 2017). It is cited in Tigchelaar et al. (2015) that a cohort study is beneficial in observational studies. It helps to observe a group of people with similar experience or characteristics. For instance, in this research, the criteria are to choose older adults 60 years or above suffering from pneumonia for influenza vaccination. Therefore, it is justified to adopt this design for research as it would involve observing a set of older patients with pneumonia. As per Pope Stanistreet (2017), prospective approach is the more robust approach. It ensures validity and reduces errors. In the observational epidemiological studies, prospective cohort studies are considered to be more reliable when compared with cross-sectional studies and the retrospective cohort studies. There are flaws to the quantitative, population based cohort studies such as long duration. However, the literature provides evidence that such studies are generating excellent data. Although there is high potential cost of error, it is the great way to study the long term trends. Thus, it is justified to study the trends when influenza vaccine is used for protecting older adults with pneumonia during flu season. In one quantitative study the effectiveness of the influenza vaccination was analysed in people above 60 years with pneumonia. The metaanalysis quantified data with reporting the visits involving cohort and case control studies on influenza vaccination. The limitations include recall bias. However, in one population based cohort study, vaccination was found to be effective in adults with pneumonia (Restiveo et al., 2017; Vila-Corcoles et al., 2016) There are limitations found in qualitative study using systematic review to explore behavioural factors affecting the influenza vaccine among elderly. The credibility was low as important evidence was excluded. Transferability is diminished. In another qualitative study, semi-structured interview was used to identify the facilitators ad barriers of healthcare providers in vaccinating elderly patients. However, the limitations include not conducting the interviews in real time (Ellen, 2017; Kan Zhang, 2018). It can be concluded that the chosen method of research is justified. References Ellen, M. (2017). Factors that influence influenza vaccination rates among the elderly: nurses perspectives.Journal of nursing management. Kan, T., Zhang, J. (2018). Factors influencing seasonal influenza vaccination behaviour among elderly people: a systematic review.Public health,156, 67-78. LoBiondo-Wood, G., Haber, J. (2017).Nursing Research-E-Book: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Merriam, S. B., Tisdell, E. J. (2015).Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. John Wiley Sons. Pope, D., Stanistreet, D. (2017).Quantitative methods for health research: a practical interactive guide to epidemiology and statistics. John Wiley Sons. Restivo, V., Costantino, C., Bono, S., Maniglia, M., Marchese, V., Ventura, G., ... Vitale, F. (2017). Influenza vaccine effectiveness among high-risk groups: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.Human vaccines immunotherapeutics, 1-12. Tigchelaar, E. F., Zhernakova, A., Dekens, J. A., Hermes, G., Baranska, A., Mujagic, Z., ... Franke, L. (2015). Cohort profile: LifeLines DEEP, a prospective, general population cohort study in the northern Netherlands: study design and baseline characteristics.BMJ open,5(8), e006772. Vila-Corcoles,A., Ansa,X., Ochoa-Gondar,O., Satue,E., De Diego,C., Rodriguez-Blanco,T. (2016). Pneumococcal pneumonia in adults 60 years or older: Incidence, mortality and prevention.Medicina Clnica,146(5), 199-202. doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2015.09.015

Racial and religious differences

Introduction Since the 9/11 attacks, America has increasingly become sensitive to racial and religious differences (Lansford 78). Particularly, racial profiling has dominated how law enforcement officers manage terrorism threats.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Racial and religious differences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Public perceptions of different religious groups have also changed as more people have become hateful and biased towards certain religious groups (Lansford 78). This paper claims that after the 9/11 attacks, Americans became increasingly biased towards Muslims and minorities from South Asia. Despite the illegality of racial profiling, this paper argues that Asian minorities continue to be victims of hate crime and racial profiling because of their religious affiliation, dressing, and culture. Religious Profiling Some sections of the American society have targeted South Asian minor ities as potential terrorist suspects because of their religious affiliation. For example, some Americans have alienated Muslim women because of their dressing. Particularly Tarlo (103) says the society has alienated Muslim women because they wear the Jilbab (a long garment) and the Niqab (a veil covering the face). While this dressing is normal for Muslim women, after 9/11, Islamic dressing has portrayed Muslims as potential â€Å"enemies† or â€Å"threats† to security (Tarlo 103). Symbolically, western media have used the Jilbab and the Niqab to explain how Muslims are different from other people. Notably, the media have used Islamic dressing to portray how the â€Å"enemy† looks like. Unfortunately, this representation does not have any significance to the characters or the motives of the people who wear them. Tarlo (103) says the use of Islamic dressing to portray Muslims as â€Å"alien,† or the â€Å"enemy,† creates a narrow perception of the faith and its followers.Advertising Looking for critical writing on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Notably, this representation conveys the belief that all Muslims are the same. Therefore, it is difficult to see the difference between ordinary Muslims and â€Å"enemies† who profess the same faith. This representation has played a significant role in creating animosity and hostilities towards South Asians (Women of South Asian Descent Collective 352). This representation has also created public intolerance for Islamic diversity in the society. For example, Tarlo (104) explains an incident where a British school denied a 13-year old Bengali girl the right to wear her Jilbab. The family of the young girl protested this decision and went to court to seek redress. They claimed the school denied the girl the right to express her religious views (Tarlo 104). The court ruled that the girl could wear the Jil bab (Tarlo 104). This decision was controversial because the school refused to accept it. Nonetheless, without delving further into the details of this case, it is crucial to understand the intolerance that exists within western society regarding Islamic practices in a post-9/11 world. For example, the main concern for the school was the symbolic association of the Jilbab with Islamic radical groups. This perception exists in most western societies because, albeit symbolically, people have associated Islamic practices and lifestyles with the â€Å"enemy† (Tarlo 103). The above analysis shows that religious profiling has permeated through many facets of the American society. For example, Jamal and Naber (211) say there were several instances where passengers refused to board the same plane with South Asians because they are Muslims. In many incidents, airline companies have removed the â€Å"suspected passengers† from their airplanes. Jamal and Naber (211) particularly draw our attention to an incident where South West Airlines removed a Muslim man, in New Jersey, because he made other passengers â€Å"uncomfortable.†Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Racial and religious differences specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Similarly, Jamal and Naber (211) explain an incident where a pilot removed a secret service agent of Arab descent from an American Airlines flight because he made other passengers uncomfortable. Such incidents are many. Overall, they show that South Asians have become increasingly alienated in a post-9/11 society. Racial Profiling In a post-9/11 society, Americans have become increasingly critical about the nationalities, origins, and citizenship of South Asians. In fact, according to Lansford (78), law enforcement officers profile South Asians as potential terrorist suspects because of race and ethnicity. Consequently, many South Asians have become easy targets for arrest and detention. Lansford (78) says in the post-9/11 period, the American Justice Department has detained more than 1,200 Muslims (mostly from South Asia). The Women of South Asian Descent Collective (352) say a broader analysis of this trend highlights the lack of acceptance that South Asians have experienced in America. For example, they say the society excludes many South Asian minorities (socially) because of racial prejudice (Women of South Asian Descent Collective 352). For example, the Women of South Asian Descent Collective (352) say some Americans believe South Asians have a different home, other than America (they are not American citizens). This perception exists even for second generation and third generation South Asian who are American citizens by birth. In fact, some of these people have never visited Asia, but the society regards them as â€Å"aliens† in America (Women of South Asian Descent Collective 352). This prejudice mainly exists in the American education system where the society regards South Asian students as â€Å"foreign students.† The Women of South Asian Descent Collective (352) also say this situation is worse for female South Asian students because the society regards them as â€Å"irrelevant.†Advertising Looking for critical writing on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A British movie, Brick Lane, shows how social prejudice creates a divided society, as seen in a post-9/11 period. Produced in 2007, the film focuses on the life of a young Asian girl, Nazneen, who marries a man twice her age (against her will). She lives in a small Asian community – British Bangladeshi community, which is predominantly Muslim. Living in a largely Christian country, the South Asian Muslim community, experiences racial and religious alienation from the rest of the society (Brick Lane). This alienation makes Nazneen nostalgic about her rural home. She finds it difficult to accept London as her home because her community lives as â€Å"aliens† in London. Furthermore, she has to contend with the negative stereotypes that face the Muslim community she belonged to (Brick Lane). The extent of her anguish mirrored her mother’s life because the hardships that faced her mother as a South Asian woman living in London forced her to commit suicide (Brick Lane ). Overall, Brick Lane shows how religious and ethnic prejudices affect the perception of South Asian minorities in many western societies. Conclusion The racial profiling of South Asian minorities in America is a worrisome situation. This paper shows that South Asian Muslims living in America have become increasingly alienated for their religion and race. This prejudice is often unfounded because religion and race do not have any correlation with the characters or the identities of the victims. From a legal standpoint, law enforcement agencies are losing the opportunity to gather reliable intelligence from communities that continue to be victims of racial and religious profiling. This way, racial profiling in America is a zero-sum game. Moreover, racial profiling continues to deny legal American citizens of South Asian descent the right to enjoy their freedoms, as other American citizens do. Works Cited Brick Lane. Ex. Prod. Sarah Gavron. London, UK: Sony. 2007. DVD. Jamal, Amaney, and N. Naber. Nadine Race and Arab Americans Before and  After 9/11: From Invisible Citizens to Visible Subjects, Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2008. Print. Lansford, Tom. 9/11 and the Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq: A Chronology and  Reference Guide, New York, NY: ABC-CLIO, 2011. Print. Tarlo, Emma. Visibly Muslim Fashion Politics Faith, New York, NY: Oxford, 2010. Print. Women of South Asian Descent Collective. Our Feet Walk the Sky: Women of the  South Asian Diaspora, San Fransisco, CA: Aunt Lute Books, 1993. Print. This critical writing on Racial and religious differences was written and submitted by user Aiyana Hurst to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.